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dc.contributor.advisor Gunawardena, SHP
dc.contributor.author Malliyawadu, MND
dc.date.accessioned 2014-08-20T15:23:48Z
dc.date.available 2014-08-20T15:23:48Z
dc.date.issued 2014-08-20
dc.identifier.citation Malliyawadu, M.N.D. (2011). Effect of ultrasound mixing on esterification of FFA in rubber seed oil [Master's theses, University of Moratuwa]. Institutional Repository University of Moratuwa. http://dl.lib.mrt.ac.lk/handle/123/10568
dc.identifier.uri http://dl.lib.mrt.ac.lk/handle/123/10568
dc.description.abstract There is an increasing demand for biodiesel, because of its environmental friendly nature and especially due to the depletion of petroleum reserves. Currently, most of the biodiesel is produced from edible oils under base catalyzed transesterification. However, large amount of non edible oils are underutilized and can be converted to biodiesel. The difficulty with base catalyzed transesterification of non edible oil is its higher content of free fatty acids. These free fatty acids react with base catalyst to produce soap and which prevent the separation of ester from the glycerin. The reduction of free fatty acid content of rubber seed oil under catalyzed etherification with ultrasonic mixing (20 kHz, 500 W) was investigated in this study and compared with mechanical agitation. Batch etherification of rubber seed oil was carried out using 2.5:1 (w/w) methanol/ FFA and 0.05:1 (w/w) H2S04/FFA and effect of ultrasound frequency, reaction temperature and reaction time were studied. With the increase of ultrasonic amplitude, mixing intensity was increased and as a result, maximum FFA% reduction of 88.9 observed at the amplitude of 75% and at a temperature of 55°C. When the etherification reaction carried out at elevated temperatures, it shows a greater reduction of FFA% under ultrasonic and mechanical mixing. However, optimum result was gained under mechanical mixing at the temperature of 55°C and at a reaction time of 30 min and the final FFA% of rubber seed oil was 2.75. At the same reaction conditions, acid etherification of rubber seed oil under ultrasonic mixing achieved a FFA% of 3.31. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.subject Biodiesel en_US
dc.subject FFA en_US
dc.subject Etherification en_US
dc.subject Ultrasonic mixing en_US
dc.title Effect of ultrasound mixing on esterification of FFA in rubber seed oil en_US
dc.type Thesis-Abstract en_US
dc.identifier.faculty Engineering en_US
dc.identifier.degree Master of Science in Sustainable Process Development en_US
dc.identifier.department Chemical & Process Engineering en_US
dc.date.accept 2011-11
dc.identifier.accno 102521 en_US


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