International geopolitical relations on Sri Lanka’s power and energy sector: opportunities and challenges for a sustainable transition

Abstract

The energy crisis in Sri Lanka presents significant challenges for the country’s transition towards sustainable energy, given the outdated energy grid, lack of infrastructure, and heavy reliance on fossil fuels. The paper examines the short and long-term plans for generation expansion, as well as the new reforms set to be implemented in 2023. It analyzes the geopolitical relations between Sri Lanka and major international players in the energy sector, such as Japan, China, and India, and their respective energy sector reforms, including China’s Belt and Road Initiative and India’s Bay of Bengal Initiative. Through this analysis, the paper highlights the opportunities and challenges that exist for Sri Lanka in achieving a sustainable energy transition. It emphasizes the importance of leveraging geopolitical relations to shape the energy sector of a country and achieve sustainable energy goals. To this end, the paper provides recommendations, such as seeking partnerships and investments in renewable energy sources, promoting energy efficiency measures, and fostering international collaborations in research and development. This study provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities that exist for Sri Lanka in achieving a sustainable energy transition. It highlights the importance of taking a comprehensive approach that considers geopolitical relations and collaboration with international players to achieve sustainable energy goals.