Abstract:
Building occupants are either used or compelled to
live in overheated indoors in buildings, particularly in
urban environments in the tropics. It doesn’t mean
that they are acclimatized to overheated indoors.
This scenario has become a normalcy in the current
building design and operational practice. The fail-
ure of building design to control heat transfer from
outside to inside and remove indoor heat generat-
ed by occupants and equipment in buildings to the
outside is seen as a major reason for indoor over-
heating. This normalcy is problematic for the occu-
pants in particular and to the environment at large.
It is problematic because of its negative effect on
the indoor comfort level on one hand and associated
emissions due to wasteful (or rather extensive) use
of energy for cooling on the other hand. Overheating
elevates the indoor thermal environment particu-
larly the standard effective air temperature higher
than the preferred thermal comfort range. Similarly,
the dramatic effect of daylighting that could be gen-
erated from architectural space is seen as least re-
garded and not taken into the indoors meaningfully
in today’s average building design and practice, thus
largely depending on active systems. Lack of opti-
mum balance in daylight, artificial or mixed mode
visual environments demands more energy either to
maintain indoor visibility or to combat glare and heat
stress associated with tropical daylighting, or both.
This overall practice uses extensive amounts of ac-
tive energy to maintain indoor comfort (both thermal
and visual) contributing to emissions and weakening
the demand side efficiency of operational stage.
